Ventilation

Lung-protective Ventilation in Pediatrics
Mechanical ventilation is ubiquitous to pediatric intensive care units (ICUs) as it is the central technique in the management of patients with acute respiratory failure.

Non-invasive Ventilation
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is the delivery of ventilatory support without the need for an invasive artificial airway.

Exhaled Breath Condensate as a Clinical Diagnostic with a Focus on Acid Reflux Cough
Acid reflux cough is a common disease entity encountered not only by sub-specialty respiratory physicians, but increasingly by primary care physicians.

Selected Reading

• Adaptive support ventilation for fast tracheal extubation after cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled study
• Automatic weaning from mechanical ventilation using an adaptive lung ventilation controller
• Patient-ventilator interactions during partial ventilatory support: a preliminary study comparing the effects of adaptive support ventilation with synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation plus inspiratory pressure support
• Weaning injured patients with prolonged pulmonary failure from mechanical ventilation in a non-intensive care unit setting
• Clinical experience with adaptive support ventilation for fast-track cardiac surgery

Selected Reading

• High-frequency percussive ventilation: an alternative mode of ventilation for head-injured patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome
• High-frequency percussive ventilation as a salvage modality in adult respiratory distress syndrome: a preliminary study
• High-frequency percussive ventilation improves oxygenation in patients with ARDS
• Prone positioning of pediatric patients with ARDS results in improvement in oxygenation if maintained > 12 h daily
• High frequency oscillatory ventilation in burn patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome

Selected Reading

• Effect of interfacing between spontaneous breathing and mechanical cycles on the ventilation-perfusion distribution in canine lung injury
• Ventilatory support by continuous positive airway pressure breathing improves gas exchange as compared with partial ventilatory support with airway pressure release ventilation
• Spontaneous breathing affects the spatial ventilation and perfusion distribution during mechanical ventilatory support
• Augmented spontaneous breathing
• Spontaneous breathing during ventilatory support improves ventilation-perfusion distributions in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

• Levalbuterol in the treatment of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease
• The asthma-like pharmacology and toxicology of (S)-isomers of beta agonists
• Airway subsensitivity with long-acting beta 2-agonists. Is there cause for concern?
• Adverse effects of beta-agonists: are they clinically relevant?
• A benefit-risk assessment of inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists in the management of obstructive pulmonary disease